Professor TAOKA Azuma
Faculty, Affiliation
Faculty of Biological Science and Technology,Institute of Science and Engineering
College and School Educational Field
Division of Biological Science and Technology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
Division of Natural System, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
Course in Biosystems, School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering
Laboratory
TEL:076-264-6234 FAX:076-264-6230
Academic Background
【Academic background(Doctoral/Master's Degree)】
Kanazawa University Doctor Department of Life Science 200403 Completed
【Academic background(Bachelor's Degree)】
Kanazawa University Department of Biology 199903
【Degree】
Ph. D.
Master of Science
Career
Postdoctoral researcher Faculty of Science(2004/09/13-2007/08/31)
VBL Postdoctoral researcher Venture Business Laboratory(2007/09/01-2008/03/31)
Year & Month of Birth
1976/02
Academic Society
The Japanese Biochemical Society
Award
The Japanese Biochemical Society
Specialities
Functional biochemistry、Applied microbiology
Speciality Keywords
Prokaryotic organelle, Bacterial cytoskeleton, Magnetotactic Bacteria, Magnetosome, Magneto-sensing, Biomineralization, Magnetite, Iron, Bacterial cell surface, Live-cell imaging
Research Themes
Geomagneto-sensing Mechanisms of Magnetotactic Bacteria
Magnetic bacteria are unique bacteria that are able to sense magnetism with a prokaryotic cell organelle called magnetosome which functions as a magnetic compass. Magnetic bacteria take in iron from the environment and synthesize magnetite crystals in their cellular membrane vesicles. Magnetosome is a complex intracellular structure with these membrane vesicles arranged in a string-like pattern along the cellular skeleton. We conduct research using biochemical and molecular biological techniques and various microscopic techniques in order to explain how magnetosomes develop and function at the molecular level. We aim to explain organelle development in prokaryotic organisms and the mechanism of biomineralization with this research.
Applications of high-speed atomic force microscopy in microbiology
We conduct interdisciplinary research targeting biological phenomena occurring on bacterial surfaces using high-speed atomic force microscopy (AFM), fluorescence microscopy, and electron microscopy. In 2012, we observed the molecular dynamics of transporter proteins (porin) in the living bacterial outer membrane. This was the first direct observation of protein dynamics in the living bacterial cell surface (JMB, 2012, Top 10% paper). Developing this method, we analyzed the single-particle properties of bacterial extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) released by bacteria for intercellular communication (Nanoscale, 2020). Furthermore, we imaged and analyzed how bacteria receive MVs in their cell surface (Microbiol. Spec., 2022).
Books
- Yukako Eguchi, Azuma Taoka Live-Cell Fluorescence Imaging of Magnetosome Organelle for Magnetotaxis Motility (Book chapter in Bacterial and Archaeal Motility [Methods in Molecular Biology Book 2646]) Springer Nature 2023/02/26
- Azuma Taoka, Yoshihiro Fukumori Biological Magnetic Materials and Applications Springer 2018/07
Papers
- An Efficient Method for Isolating and Purifying Nuclei from Mice Brain for Single-Molecule Imaging Using High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Qiu Y, Sajidah ES, Kondo S, Narimatsu S, Sandira MI, Higashiguchi Y, Nishide G, Taoka A, Hazawa M, Inaba Y, Inoue H, Matsushima A, Okada Y, Nakada M, Ando T, Lim K, Wong RW. Cells. 13 3 279 2024/02/02
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S100A11 promotes focal adhesion disassembly via myosin II-driven contractility and Piezo1-mediated Ca2+ entry. Mohammed TO, Lin YR, Akter L, Weissenbruch K, Ngo KX, Zhang Y, Kodera N, Bastmeyer M, Miyanari Y, Taoka A, Franz CM.* J. Cell Sci . 137 2 2024/01/26
- Recent advances in studies on magnetosome-associated proteins composing the bacterial geomagnetic sensor organelle Azuma Taoka*, Yukako Eguchi , Rino Shimoshige , Yoshihiro Fukumori Microbiol Immunol. 67 5 228-238 2023/05/02
- Influence of protozoan grazing on magnetotactic bacteria on intracellular and extracellular iron content Yusuke Seki, Yukako Eguchi, Azuma Taoka* Environmental Microbiology Report 15 3 181-187 2023/02/13
- A Single Shot of Vesicles Masanori Toyofuku*, Yousuke Kikuchi, Azuma Taoka* Microbes and Environments 37 6 ME22083 2022/12/09
- Physical Properties and Shifting of the Extracellular Membrane Vesicles Attached to Living Bacterial Cell Surfaces Yousuke Kikuchi, Masanori Toyofuku, Yuki Ichinaka, Tatsunori Kiyokawa, Nozomu Obana, Nobuhiko Nomura*, Azuma Taoka* Microbiology Spectrum 10 6 e0216522 2022/11/16
- McaA and McaB control the dynamic positioning of a bacterial magnetic organelle Wan, J., Monteil, C.L., Taoka, A., Ernie, G., Park, K., Amor, M., Taylor-Cornejo, E., Lefevre, C.T., Komeili, A.* Nature Communications 13 1 5652 2022/09/26
- Geometrical Characterization of Glass Nanopipettes with Sub-10 nm Pore Diameter by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Shigyou, K., Sun, L., Yajima, R., Takigaura, S., Tajima, M., Furusho, H., Kikuchi, Y. , Miyazawa, K., Fukuma, T., Taoka, A., Ando, T., and Watanabe, S. Analytical Chemistry 92 23 15388-15393 2020/12
- Diversity of physical properties of bacterial extracellular membrane vesicles revealed through atomic force microscopy phase imaging Yousuke Kikuchi, Nozomu Obana, Masanori Toyofuku, Noriyuki Kodera, Takamitsu Soma, Toshio Ando, Yoshihiro Fukumori, Nobuhiko Nomura, Azuma Taoka Nanoscale 2020 12 7950–7959 2020/03/23
- Tree of motility – A proposed history of motility systems in the tree of life. Miyata, M., Robinson, R.C., Uyeda, T.Q.P., Fukumori, Y., Fukushima, S., Haruta, S., Homma, M., Inaba, K., Ito, M., Kaito, C., Kato, K., Kenri, T., Kinosita, Y., Kojima S., Minamino, T., Mori, H., Nakamura, S., Nakane, D., Nakayama, K., Nishiyama, M., Shibata, S., Shimabukuro, K., Tamakoshi, M., Taoka, A., Tashiro, Y., Tulum, I., Wada, H., and Wakabayashi, K. Genes to Cells 25 6-21 2020/01/19
- Membranolytic Effects of KT2 on Gram-Negative Escherichia coli Evaluated by Atomic Force Microscopy T. Theansungnoen, N. Jangpromma, P. Anwised, S. Daduang, Y. Fukumori, A. Taoka, S. Klaynongsruang Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 55 5 495-505 2019/09
- Measuring magnetosomal pH of the magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 using pH-sensitive fluorescent proteins Yukako Eguchi, Yoshihiro Fukumori, Azuma Taoka Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 2018/07
- Role of the Bacterial Actin-like Cytoskeleton to Tethering Magnetic Organelle Azuma TAOKA, Yoshihiro FUKUMORI 58 2 91-93 2018/04
- Gradual Deformation of Bacterial Cell Morphology due to the Effect of Non-thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma jet-Treated Water (PTW) Begum, A., Chiba, R., Ishijima, T., Kakikawa, M., Taoka , A., Pervez, M. R., Innomata, T., Uesugi, Y., Tanaka Y., IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences 2 4 360 2018
- Tethered magnets are the key to magnetotaxis: direct observations of Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 show that MamK distributes magnetosome organelles equally to daughter cells. Taoka, A., Kiyokawa, A., Uesugi, C., Kikuchi, Y., Oestreicher, A., Morii, K., Eguchi, Y., Fukumori, Y. mBio 8 4 e00679-17 2017/08
- High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Reveals Loss of Nuclear Pore Resilience as a Dying Code in Colorectal Cancer Cells Mohamed MS, Kobayashi A, Taoka A, Watanabe-Nakayama T, Kikuchi Y, Hazawa M, Minamoto T, Fukumori Y, Kodera N, Uchihashi T, Ando T, Wong RW. ACS Nano 11 6 5567-5578 2017/05
- A protein-protein interaction in magnetosomes: TPR 1 protein MamA interacts with an Mms6 protein Hoang Viet Nguyen, Emi Suzuki, Zachery Oestreicher, Hiroshi Minamide, Hiroshi Endoh, Yoshihiro Fukumori, Azuma Taoka Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports 7 39–44 2016/09
- Live-Cell Imaging of Bacterial Cells Using High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Azuma TAOKA, Yoshihiro FUKUMORI 53 5 293-298 2015/05
- A comparison of the surface nanostructure from two different types of gram-negative cells: Escherichia coli and Rhodobacter sphaeroides Z.W. Oestreicher, A. Taoka, Y. Fukumori Micron 8-14 72 2015/02
- Purification, Characterization, and Crystallization of Crocodylus siamensis Hemoglobin Jandaruang J., Siritapetawee J., Songsiriritthigul C., Preecharram S., Taoka A., Dhiravisit A., Fukumori Y., Thammasirirak S. The Protein Journal 33 4 377-385 2014/08
- Characterization of uncultured giant rod-shaped magnetotactic Gammaproteobacteria from a fresh water pond in Kanazawa, Japan Azuma Taoka, Junya Kondo, Zachery Oestreicher, and Yoshihiro Fukumori MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 160 10 2226-2234 2014/07
- A magnetosome-associated cytochrome MamP is critical for magnetite crystal growth during the exponential growth phase Azuma Taoka, Yukako Eguchi, Shingo Mise, Zachery Oestreicher, Fumio Uno and Yoshihiro Fukumori FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS 358 1 21-29 2014/07
- Extranuclear dynamics of 111Ag(→111Cd) doped in AgI nanoparticles W. Sato, R. Mizuuchi, N. Irioka, S. Komatsuda, S. Kawata, A. Taoka, Y. Ohkubo CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS 609 104-107 2014/06
- Structure and Function of Magnetotactic Bacterial Organelle “Magnetosome" Fukumori, Y., Taoka, A 54 1 11-14 2014/01
- Purification and Characterization of Coacervate-Forming Cuticular Proteins from Papilio xuthus Pupae Masahiro Yamanaka, Yumi Ishizaki, Taro Nakagawa, Azuma Taoka and Yoshihiro Fukumori ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE 30 7 534-542 2013/07
- Analysis of magnetotactic behavior by swimming assay. Sakaguchi Sakaguchi, Taoka Azuma, Fukumori Yoshihiro. BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 77 5 940-947 2013/05
- Single-Molecule Imaging on Living Bacterial Cell Surface by High-Speed AFM Hayato Yamashita†, Azuma Taoka†（共同筆頭著者）, Takayuki Uchihashi, Tomoya Asano, Toshio Ando, Yoshihiro Fukumori (†: H.Y. and A.T. contributed equally to this work.) JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 422 2 300-309 2012/05
- Visualization and structural analysis of the bacterial magnetic organelle magnetosome using atomic force microscopy Yamamoto, D.*, Taoka, A.*(共同筆頭著者）, Uchihashi, T., Sasaki, H., Watanabe, H., Ando, T., and Fukumori, Y. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AME 107 21 9382-9387 2010/05
- Identification of iron transporters expressed in the magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum. Taoka A, Umeyama C, Fukumori Y. CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY 58 2 177-181 2009/01
- Polymerization of the actin-like protein MamK, which is associated with magnetosomes. Taoka, A., Asada, R., Wu, L-F., and Fukumori, Y. JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY 189 23 8737-8740 2007/12
- Biosynthesis of magnetite particles in magnetic bacteria Y. Fukumori, A. Taoka 24 12 5-13 2007/12
- Participation of nitric oxide reductase in survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in LPS-activated macrophages Kakishima, K., Shiratsuchi, A., Taoka, A., Nakanishi, Y., and Fukumori, Y. BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2007/04
- Strucuture and cellular localization of bacterial magnetic organelle Y. Fukumori, A. Taoka 45 3 154-156 2007/03
- Spatial localizations of Mam22 and Mam12 in the magnetosomes of Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum Taoka, A., Asada, R., Sasaki, H., Anzawa, K., Wu, L-F., and Fukumori, Y. JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY 188 11 3805-3512 2006/06
- Nitrate reductase from the magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum MS-1: purification and sequence analyses Taoka, A., Yoshimatsu, K., Kanemori, M., and Fukumori, Y. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 49 197-206 2003/05
Conference Presentations
- Effects of magnetotactic bacteria predation on microbial community(conference：The 36th JSME & The 13th ASME)(2023/11/28)
- Protozoan grazing on magnetotactic bacteria affects intracellular and extracellular iron contents(conference：The 36th JSME & The 13th ASME)(2023/11/28)
- Elucidation of MamJ function for maintaining dynamic MamK cytoskeleton to anchor magnetosome organelle(conference：第96回日本生化学会大会)(2023/11/01)
- Screening of Protein-Protein Interaction Occurring at Initial Stage of Magnetosome Formation. (conference：ASM Microbe 2023)(2023/06/17)
- Magnetosomal protein MamJ regulates actin-like protein MamK polymerization in vitro(conference：ASM Microbe 2023)(2023/06/16)
- 原生生物による磁性細菌捕食が微生物群集に与える影響 (conference：第23回マリンバイオテクノロジー学会)(2023/05/28)
- Magnetosomal protein MamJ regulates MamK cytoskeleton for magnetosome positioning. (conference：第23回マリンバイオテクノロジー学会)(2023/05/28)
- 高速原子間力顕微鏡による生きた細菌表層の視える化(conference：第96回日本細菌学会総会 シンポジウム「視える化で解き明かす微生物学の謎」)(2023/03/17)
- 磁性細菌Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1細胞内で新規に合成されたマグネトソームの配置機構(conference：第96回日本細菌学会総会)(2023/03/17)
- 高速原子間力顕微鏡による生きた細菌表層の視える化(conference：第96回日本細菌学会総会 シンポジウム「視える化で解き明かす微生物学の謎」)(2023/03/17)
- 細菌の表情を触って視る−高速AFMを用いた細菌表層観察−(conference：第45回日本分子生物学会年会 ワークショップ「細菌、ミトコンドリアの表情研究の最前線」)(2022/12/02)
- 細菌オルガネラ「マグネトソーム」の形成初期に起こるタンパク質間相互作用の同定(conference：第95回日本生化学会大会)(2022/11/10)
- NanoBRET法を用いたマグネトソームタンパク質間相互作用の検出法の開発(conference：第95回日本生化学会大会)(2022/11/10)
- Dynamic in vitro assembly of MamK cytoskeleton for magnetosome positioning.(conference：The 7th International Meeting on Magnetotactic Bacteria, MTB2022)(2022/09/04)
- Identification of protozoan predators that feed on magnetotactic bacteria from freshwater environment.(conference：The 7th International Meeting on Magnetotactic Bacteria, MTB2022)(2022/09/04)
- 高速走査プローブ顕微鏡による生きた細菌表層の局所物性イメージング(conference：第18回 21世紀大腸菌研究会)(2022/06/27)
- Qind株を用いた細胞内で新規合成されたマグネトソーム配置機構解析(conference：第18回 21世紀大腸菌研究会)(2022/06/27)
- High-speed AFM phase imaging visualized physical behavior of bacterial membrane vesicles in living bacterial cell surface(conference：EMBO Workshop Bacterial membrane vesicles: Biogenesis, functions and medical applications)(2021/11/23)
- Functional Analyses of Magnetosomal Cytoskeleton Binding Protein MamJ Using High-speed Atomic Force Microscopy(conference：ASM Microbe and FEMS Congress 2021)(2021/05/20)
- AFM Phase Imaging Imaged Binding Process of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles to Living Bacterial Cell Surface(conference：World Microbe Forum (ASM Microbe and FEMS Congress 2021))(2021/05/20)
- A magnetic compass within a bacterium – Live-cell imaging of magnetosome formation – (2020/09/18)
- Molecular machinery for subcellular positioning of bacterial magnetic organelle(2020/02/19)
- 細菌のオルガネラ？！: 磁石を作る細菌のユニークな生存戦略(2020/01/23)
- Molecular machinery for bacterial magnetic organelle positioning(conference：Ames Laboratory Seminar)(2019/09/18)
- ナノサイズの磁石を作る細菌－磁性細菌の生物学(conference：Berkeley Japanese Academic Network (BJAN) 第55回交流会)(2019/07/19)
- Analysis of pH regulation in magnetotactic bacteria using pH-sensitive fluorescent protein(2020/02/19)
- 高速AFMの位相モードを用いた細菌表面物性の生細胞イメージング(2020/02/19)
- Dynamic molecular imaging on living bacterial cell surface.(2019/04/23)
- Direct imaging of membrane vesicle-mediated cell-to-cell communication using high-speed AFM(conference：第92回 日本細菌学会総会)(2019/04/23)
- Imaging of Dynamic Polymerization of Actin-Like Protein MamK for Bacterial Organelle Magnetosome Positioning.(conference：ASM microbe 2019)(2019/06/20)
Others
Arts and Fieldwork
Patent
Theme to the desired joint research
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
○「マグネトソームを生体ナノ磁針にする細菌オルガネラ表層蛋白質層の分子機構」(2023-2025)
○「全球的鉄循環における磁性細菌と真核微生物との生物間相互作用の役割」(2021-2023)
○「中性子反射率法を中心とした多角的な解析によるグラム陰性菌の膜生合成解析」(2021-2023)
○「分子イメージングによる原核細胞のナノオルガネラ制御機構の解明」(2019-2021)
○「磁性細菌細胞内で新規に合成された磁気オルガネラと細胞骨格の相互作用」(2018-2020)
○「原核細胞の細胞骨格による磁気感知オルガネラ配置の分子機構」(2016-2018)
○「磁性細菌の磁気微粒子合成に関わる新奇ヘム蛋白質の機能解明」(2013-2015)
○「「磁場」を感知するバクテリアの磁気オルガネラを支える細胞骨格」(2011-2012)
○「原核細胞の磁気オルガネラの生細胞イメージングー形成・機能メカニズムの解明ー」(2010-2012)
Competitive research funding,Contribution
Collaborative research,Consignment study
Classes (Bachelors)
○Microbiology B(2023)
○Biochemistry Lab(2023)
○Microbiology A(2023)
○Biochemistry B(2023)
○Biochemistry D(2023)
○Basic Biology Lab 1(2023)
○Guide to Biological Science B(2023)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2023)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2023)
○Experiments in Biology(2023)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2023)
○Cell Biology(2023)
○Experiments in Biology(2023)
○Microbiology B(2022)
○Biochemistry Lab(2022)
○Microbiology A(2022)
○Cell Biology(2022)
○Biochemistry B(2022)
○Biochemistry D(2022)
○Basic Biology Lab 1(2022)
○Guide to Biological Science B(2022)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2022)
○Experiments in Biology(2022)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2022)
○Experiments in Biology(2022)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2022)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2021)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2021)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2021)
○Experiments in Biology(2021)
○Microbiology B(2021)
○Microbiology A(2021)
○Biochemistry D(2021)
○Biochemistry Lab(2021)
○Cell Biology(2021)
○Biochemistry B(2021)
○Basic Biology Lab 1(2021)
○Guide to Biological Science B(2021)
○Research Work in Biology (2) B(2020)
○Research Work in Biology (2) A(2020)
○Research Work in Biology (1) B(2020)
○Research Work in Biology (1) A(2020)
○Research Seminar in Biology (2) B(2020)
○Research Seminar in Biology (2) A(2020)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1) B(2020)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1) A(2020)
○Biochemistry Lab(2020)
○Biochemistry B(2020)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2020)
○Microbiology B(2020)
○Biochemistry D(2020)
○Experiments in Biology(2020)
○Biochemistry Seminar B(2020)
○Biochemistry Seminar A(2020)
○Topics in Biology and Bioengineering A(2020)
○Cell Biology(2020)
○Basic Biology Lab 1(2020)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2020)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2020)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1) A(2019)
○Biochemistry Lab(2019)
○Research Work in Biology (2) B(2019)
○Advanced Biology Lab(2019)
○Group Seminar of Biology(2019)
○Guide to Biology and Bioengineering A(2019)
○Research Work in Biology (2) A(2019)
○Research Work in Biology (1) B(2019)
○Research Work in Biology (1) A(2019)
○Research Seminar in Biology (2) B(2019)
○Research Seminar in Biology (2) A(2019)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1) B(2019)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1) A(2019)
○Biochemistry Seminar A(2019)
○Biochemistry B(2019)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2019)
○Biochemistry Seminar B(2019)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2018)
○Biochemistry Seminar B(2018)
○Biochemistry Seminar A(2018)
○Research Work in Biology(1)(2018)
○Research Seminar in Biology (2)(2018)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1)(2018)
○Biochemistry Lab(2018)
○Experiments in Biology(2018)
○GS English Language for Undergraduates I (English for Science and Engineering)(2018)
○GS English Language for Undergraduates II (English for Science and Engineering)(2018)
○Group Seminar of Biology(2018)
○Basic Biology Lab(2018)
○Advanced Biology Lab(2018)
○Topics in Biology and Bioengineering A(2018)
○Guide to Biology and Bioengineering A(2018)
○Research Work in Biology(2)(2018)
○Biochemistry Seminar(2017)
○Biochemistry Lab(2017)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1)(2017)
○GS English Language for Undergraduates I (English for Science and Engineering)(2017)
○Guide to Biology and Earth Sciences(2017)
○Basic Biology Lab(2017)
○Research Seminar in Biology (2)(2017)
○Research Work in Biology(1)(2017)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2017)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2017)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2017)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2017)
○Experiments in Biology(2017)
○GS English Language for Undergraduates II (English for Science and Engineering)(2017)
○Research Work in Biology(2)(2017)
○Group Seminar of Biology(2017)
○Advanced Biology Lab(2017)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2016)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2016)
○Molecular and Cellular Biology(2016)
○Experiments in Biology(2016)
○Biochemistry Seminar(2016)
○Biochemistry Lab(2016)
○Experiments in Biology(2016)
○Research Seminar in Biology (1)(2016)
○Research Seminar in Biology (2)(2016)
○Research Work in Biology(2)(2016)
○Research Work in Biology(1)(2016)
Classes (Graduate Schools)
○Fundamentals of Biological Science A(2023)
○Exercise in Biological Science 2B(2023)
○Exercise in Biological Science 2A(2023)
○Research Skills 1D(2023)
○Research Skills 1C(2023)
○Research Skills 1B(2023)
○Research Skills 1A(2023)
○Laboratory Rotation II Functional Biochemistry 2(2023)
○Laboratory Rotation II Functional Biochemistry 1(2023)
○Laboratory Rotation II Functional Biochemistry 1(2023)
○Molecular Microbiology(2023)
○Systems structure and function in biomolecules B(2022)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2B(2022)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2A(2022)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1A(2022)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1A(2022)
○Research work in Systems Biology(2022)
○Research Skills B(2022)
○Molecular Microbiology(2022)
○Field Biology(2022)
○Systems structure and function in biomolecules B(2021)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2B(2021)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2A(2021)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1B(2021)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1A(2021)
○Research work in Systems Biology(2021)
○Research Skills B(2021)
○Research Skills A(2021)
○Research work in Systems Biology(2020)
○Research Skills B(2020)
○Research Skills A(2020)
○Systems structure and function in biomolecules B(2020)
○Molecular Microbiology(2020)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2B(2019)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2A(2019)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1B(2019)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1A(2019)
○Basic Exercise in Systems Biology(2019)
○Research work in Systems Biology(2019)
○Research Skills B(2018)
○Research Skills A(2018)
○Research work in Systems Biology(2018)
○Basic Exercise in Systems Biology(2018)
○Systems structure and function in biomolecules B(2018)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2B(2018)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2A(2018)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1B(2018)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1A(2018)
○Basic Systems Biology B(2018)
○Basic Systems Biology A(2018)
○Molecular Microbiology(2018)
○Systems structure and function in biomolecules B(2017)
○Basic Exercise in Systems Biology(2017)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1A(2017)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 1B(2017)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2A(2017)
○Exercise in Systems Biology 2B(2017)
○Research Skills B(2017)
○Research Skills A(2017)
○Systems structure and function in biomolecules(2016)